reported an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants with regards to malaria in women during pregnancy. Although some information exists on the pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in the genesis of poor pregnancy outcomes associated to PM, there is none on placental malaria and oxidative stress biomarkers and their link to pregnancy outcomes. Antioxidant systems which counteract this damage includes enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) small molecules like Nitric oxide (NO), ascorbic acid, uric acid, β carotene, α tocopherol, reduced glutathione. It is the lipid peroxide product whose level can be used as oxidative stress index), which is responsible for cell damage. Shifting of this balance towards the pro-oxidant side results in oxidative stress, manifested by elevated levels of free radicals and increase cell membrane lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde –MDA). In fact, in normal cells, there is an appropriate pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance. Also, oxidative stress has been implicated in several placental disorders and pregnancy pathologies. It can also be due to pregnancy-associated suppression of inflammatory responses caused by leukocyte infiltration in the intervillous space and the modulation of some biomarkers such as cytokines, chemokines and hormones in the placenta. The susceptibility of women to PM is attributed to increased parasite sequestration in the placenta, mediated by Chondroitin Sulfate A (CSA) binding to the syncytiotrophoblasts. Indeed, PM can be manifested as an acute condition with little or no inflammation, or as a chronic disorder, sometimes with heavy inflammation and deposition of parasite pigment. In most cases, it is linked to placental tissue inflammation. Plasmodium falciparum Placental malaria (PM) is a major cause of poor pregnancy outcomes in mothers (maternal anaemia and mortality) and their offspring (low birth weight, intra-uterine growth retardation and preterm delivery). 12-081 RG/BIO/AF :AC_I-UNESCO FR :3240271366.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are included within the paper and its Supporting Information.įunding: The research leading to these results was supported by The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Research Grant No. Received: Accepted: JPublished: August 12, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Megnekou et al. Luty, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, FRANCE Citation: Megnekou R, Djontu JC, Bigoga JD, Medou FM, Tenou S, Lissom A (2015) Impact of Placental Plasmodium falciparum Malaria on the Profile of Some Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Women Living in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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